VITAMIN B-6 is an essential nutrient, required for the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins. It facilitates the conversion of amino acids from one to another as needed, and is necessary for normal synthesis of hemoglobin, as well as for the normal function and growth of red blood cells. VITAMIN B-6 promotes a healthy immune system and helps recycle homocysteine back to the amino acid methionine, thus preventing an unwanted build-up of homocysteine. It is also needed for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and for converting essential fatty acids into prostaglandins (chemical messengers).

Precursor to the active metabolite thiamin diphosphate, which is essential for the conversion of glucose into energy.

Vitamin B₁₂ has the largest and most complex chemical structure of all the vitamins. Most of its functions are related to its co-enzyme activity, such as enzymes required for the production of DNA during cell division, as well as for the proper disposal of homocysteine. B₁₂ is also necessary for the maintenance of a healthy nervous system.